Stereochemistry and Organic Chemistry

Carbon Nanotubes

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Carbon nanotubes of certain stereochemistry have been found to be conductive. Others have been found to be excellent transistors, and together Nano electronic devices have already been formed from them including logic gate circuits. Two synthetic approaches have been tried, in supramolecules namely plasma arcing in the presence of additives and ball milling. In plasma arcing, cathode deposits are altered by the presence of naphthalene in the Nano material. The mixture of nanotubes so formed has a larger average void size than that formed in the absence of naphthalene. The results support proposed mechanisms of nanotube formation which involve growth by incorporation of carbon atoms into open tubes. They also show that naphthalene can be directly incorporated into fullerene black and thereby increase the number of hexagonal sheet structure of  molecules in the carbon deposit. Work so far in ball milling has been confined to studies of the destruction of graphite crystalline phases. Carbon nanotubes are related to fullerenes ("Bucky balls") the spherical and oval shaped molecules. In the separation of carbon nanotubes ultracentrifuge technique was used. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are high aspect ratio cylinders of carbon (~1 nm in diameter) whose walls are one atomic layer thick and have an atomic arrangement analogous to graphite. Plasma arcing and ball milling are also the electronic application ns of carbon nanotubes and it has many applications in hydrogen storage, in batteries, in electronics, in the high Young’s Modulus, as actuators, nano structures and in other Nano machines.